{"id":6496,"date":"2025-01-31T08:10:26","date_gmt":"2025-01-30T21:10:26","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.realclimaterecords.com.au\/?p=6496"},"modified":"2025-01-31T08:10:26","modified_gmt":"2025-01-30T21:10:26","slug":"deadly-aust-heat-wave-of-1896-it-makes-a-mockery-of-the-proposition-that-emissions-are-the-cause-of-global-warming","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.realclimaterecords.com.au\/?p=6496","title":{"rendered":"DEADLY AUST HEAT WAVE OF 1896. It makes a mockery of the proposition that emissions are the cause of global warming."},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/coherence.com.au\/curlew\/2022\/08\/deadly-aust-heat-wave-of-1896\/?fbclid=IwY2xjawH21h1leHRuA2FlbQIxMAABHZbsZQtC267RO31FOZIceiH5x5ePTmz2Bak5rz-SH_V_dVY-SzWVWSiZHQ_aem_faymN1NaU_p_93SI8n1Alg\">https:\/\/coherence.com.au\/curlew\/2022\/08\/deadly-aust-heat-wave-of-1896\/?fbclid=IwY2xjawH21h1leHRuA2FlbQIxMAABHZbsZQtC267RO31FOZIceiH5x5ePTmz2Bak5rz-SH_V_dVY-SzWVWSiZHQ_aem_faymN1NaU_p_93SI8n1Alg<\/a><\/p>\n<header>\n<h1 class=\"title page-title\">DEADLY AUST HEAT WAVE OF 1896<\/h1>\n<\/header>\n<div>\n<p>From: <strong>Jonova<\/strong> posted by: Lance Pidgeon with assistance from Chris Gillham and others. In January 1896 a savage blast \u201clike a furnace\u201d stretched across Australia from east to west and lasted for weeks. The death toll reached 437 people in the eastern states. Newspaper reports showed that in Bourke the heat approached 120\u00b0F (48.9\u00b0C) on three days (<a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/33121679?zoomLevel=4\">1<\/a>)(<a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/14033806?zoomLevel=6\">2<\/a>)(<a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/53682260?zoomLevel=6\">3<\/a>). The maximum at or above 102 degrees F (38.9\u00b0C) for 24 days straight.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_18969\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\" wp-image-18969\" src=\"https:\/\/coherence.com.au\/curlew\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/1896-Hottest-Ever-300x243.gif\" sizes=\"(max-width: 616px) 100vw, 616px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/coherence.com.au\/curlew\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/1896-Hottest-Ever-300x243.gif 300w, https:\/\/coherence.com.au\/curlew\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/1896-Hottest-Ever-70x56.gif 70w\" alt=\"\" width=\"616\" height=\"499\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-18969\" \/><\/p>\n<p id=\"caption-attachment-18969\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Click to Enlarge<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>By Tuesday Jan 14, people were reported\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/44132389?zoomLevel=5\">falling dead<\/a>\u00a0in the streets. Unable to sleep, people in Brewarrina walked the streets at night for hours, the thermometer recording\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/44159099?zoomLevel=5\">109F at<em>\u00a0midnight<\/em><\/a>. Overnight, the temperature did not fall below 103\u00b0F. On Jan 18 in Wilcannia, five deaths were recorded in one day, the\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/14033576?zoomLevel=5\">hospitals were overcrowded<\/a>\u00a0and reports said that\u00a0<em>\u201cmore deaths are hourly expected\u201d<\/em>.\u00a0By January 24, in Bourke, many\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/75263800?\">businesses had shut down<\/a>\u00a0(almost everything bar the hotels).\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/8888573?zoomLevel=6\">Panic stricken<\/a>\u00a0Australians were\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/79288908?zoomLevel=5\">fleeing to the hills\u00a0<\/a>in climate refugee trains.\u00a0 As reported at the time, the government felt the situation was so serious that to save lives and ease the suffering of its citizens they added cheaper train services:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u00a0<em>\u201cThe Commissioner of Railways promised a deputation of members of Parliament to run a special train every Friday at holiday excursion rates for the next month to enable settlers resident in the Western part of the colony to reach the mountains to escape the great heat prevailing.\u201d<\/em>\u00a0 (<a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/79288908?zoomLevel=5\">Source<\/a>)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<div id=\"attachment_11795\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\" wp-image-11795\" src=\"https:\/\/coherence.com.au\/curlew\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/md1914-300x178.jpg\" sizes=\"(max-width: 625px) 100vw, 625px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/coherence.com.au\/curlew\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/md1914-300x178.jpg 300w, https:\/\/coherence.com.au\/curlew\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/md1914.jpg 492w\" alt=\"\" width=\"625\" height=\"371\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-11795\" \/><\/p>\n<p id=\"caption-attachment-11795\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Murray River Stopped Flowing<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>It got hotter and hotter and\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/14034636?zoomLevel=6\">the crowded trains<\/a>\u00a0ran on\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/39625144?zoomLevel=7\">more days of the week<\/a>. The area of exodus was extended to allow not only refugees from western NSW to flee to the Blue Mountains but also people to escape via train from the <a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/14034461?zoomLevel=6\">Riverina to the Snowy Mountains<\/a>. The stories are heartbreaking.\u00a0<em>\u201cA child sent to the mountains to escape the city heat\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/44132389?zoomLevel=5\">died at the moment<\/a>\u00a0the train arrived.\u201d \u201cSix infants have died at Goulburn since January 1 through the excessive heat.<\/em>\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Towns were losing their esteemed, lamenting the loss of the good reverend, or of their well known miners. Children were orphaned.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u201c<em>A woman has been brought to the Bulli Hospital in a demented condition, suffering from sunstroke.\u00a0\u00a0She was tramping the roads, with her husband, two days before, when she was prostrated by a sunstroke.\u00a0\u00a0Her husband carried her through all the sweltering heat to Bulli, taking two days over the journey<\/em>.\u201d (<a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/9336357\">Source<\/a>).<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>In 1896 the heat was causing people to\u00a0faint, become demented and was even blamed for driving\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/63940215?zoomLevel=6\">people mad<\/a>. \u201c<em>Several women fainted in the streets. A little girl, while walking along Surrey Hills, suddenly became\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/79762831\/7904280?zoomLevel=4\">demented through the heat<\/a><\/em>.\u201d\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/44178725?zoomLevel=4\">In Bendigo \u201c<\/a><em>a young man named Edward Swift, hairdresser, was so overcome by the heat that he was unable to work, and in despair shot himself, in the breast. It is a hopeless case<\/em>.\u201d\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/3618002?zoomLevel=5\">Longreach<\/a>\u00a0<em>\u201cpolice authorities at Longreach received information that a man who was insane was about fourteen miles out of the town<\/em>.\u201d \u201c<em>The bodies of people who die of sunstroke decompose very quickly\u201d<\/em>. \u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/63940215?zoomLevel=5\">An axe wielding man in Bourke<\/a>\u00a0cut down three telegraph poles before he was \u201csecured\u201d by police. Presumably the real cause of the madness was something else, but the heat was the last straw. \u201c<em><a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/88432323\">Birregurra was stirred\u00a0<\/a>from its wanted sleepiness on Saturday evening last by the appearance in the streets of a mad man who caused no small consternation<\/em>.\u201d\u00a0 It could be that nuttiness was equally common on other months, or other years. But at the time, people blamed the heat.<\/p>\n<p>With this and people\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/14033928?zoomLevel=5\">dropping dead<\/a>\u00a0in the streets from\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/3076154?\">Perth<\/a>\u00a0through\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/page\/4095285?zoomLevel=3\">Adelaide<\/a>\u00a0to\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/3077973?zoomLevel=4\">Sydney<\/a>, the heat wave was described as being\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/14032372zoomLevel=5\">universal<\/a>\u00a0from\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/53670394?zoomLevel=5\">west to east<\/a>\u00a0. It went\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/72374484?zoomLevel=5\">north<\/a>\u00a0into\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/3617511?zoomLevel=5\">Queensland<\/a>\u00a0and south through\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/44168314?zoomLevel-6\">Victoria.<\/a>\u2026<a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/79763474?zoomLevel=6\">twice,<\/a>\u00a0by which time Australians considered themselves to be \u201c<a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/44147343?zoomLevel=6\">Under Fire<\/a>\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>Later in 1896, heat waves also occurred in\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/20451134\/2578342?zoomLevel=4&amp;#pstart2578342\">India, Burma, Borneo<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/66535283?zoomLevel=6\">America<\/a>. (It was bad in New York.\u00a0\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.npr.org\/templates\/story\/story.php?storyId=129127924\">Listen here.<\/a>) There was heat in<a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/77448974\">\u00a0England<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/52513920\">Germany<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/66532968?zoomLevel=6\">Spain<\/a>. 1896 was an example of extreme weather. [It was obviously the fault of the evil power stations, eh? Just 14 years earlier,\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.netl.doe.gov\/keyissues\/historyofcoaluse.html\">Edison had built the first coal-fired electric<\/a>\u00a0generating station. If only people had understood just how dangerous it was.\u00a0?\u00a0\u2013 Jo]<\/p>\n<p>Thermometers were non-standardized in 1896. Some of the extraordinary temperatures come from thermometers with descriptions like (\u201c<em>under passion tree vine<\/em>.\u201d)\u00a0\u00a0There it\u00a0got to\u00a0123 in\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/44132383\">Ultimo in Sydney<\/a>\u00a0on\u00a0January 14. Though some thought the\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/52506764\">vine thermometer was actually more accurate<\/a>\u00a0\u201d\u00a0<em>namely, that what is known as the true shade is the shade afforded at the\u00a0Observatory by one of the loveliest little summer-houses, almost buried in foliage, but with lattice-work all round, so that the breeze may play upon the thermometers, but where the sun\u2019s rays can by no means be admitted<\/em>.\u201d.<\/p>\n<h3>Was the 2009 heatwave really worse than 1896?<\/h3>\n<p>The Victorian heatwave of 2009 was sold as the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/news\/worldnews\/australiaandthepacific\/australia\/4414203\/Southern-Australia-endures-worst-heatwave-for-150-years.html\">worst heat wave in southern Australia for 150 years<\/a>. But it does not appear to be as widespread, as long, or as hot.\u00a0 (Though caveats of comparing different thermometer placements apply \u2014 the old ones were in odd places, but the new ones are not necessarily well placed either, with some near airports, buildings and walls). What the newspaper records of 1896 show is that modern extreme heatwaves may not be at all unprecedented in temperature, severity and certainly not worse in terms of suffering.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u201cThese events are unprecedented,\u201d Victoria\u2019s energy and resources minister Peter Batchelor said on Saturday. \u201cIn some respects, they are not unlike a natural disaster, impacting on a community like a flood or tornado.\u201d (2009)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>The Victorian heatwave began on Jan 25 2009 and broke on Jan 30.\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.health.vic.gov.au\/chiefhealthofficer\/publications\/heatwave.htm\">Deaths in Victoria were estimated<\/a>\u00a0at between 200 \u2013 374. The population of Victoria in 2009 was about 5 million, about four times larger than the\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.abs.gov.au\/websitedbs\/D3110124.NSF\/24e5997b9bf2ef35ca2567fb00299c59\/c4abd1fac53e3df5ca256bd8001883ec!OpenDocument\">population of NSW<\/a>\u00a0at the turn of the century. Death-rates are not a good indicator to compare the severity of heatwaves, as deaths in 1896 would have been less if air conditioners and modern hospitals had been available then.<span id=\"more-24246\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p>The\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Early_2009_southeastern_Australia_heat_wave\">Wiki page<\/a>\u00a0associated with the above map, makes claims like \u201cJanuary 7th 45.2\u00b0 C (113.4\u00b0 F) \u2013 Hottest day recorded in Wagga Wagga since records began in 1941\u201d. Records did not begin in Wagga in 1941. That was just when they began at the airport. In 1896 the temperature in Wagga\u00a0Wagga got to\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/14034430\">116.5\u00b0 F or 46.9\u00b0 C<\/a>. It also points out that Melbourne for three days in a row had temperatures peak above 43\u00b0 C.\u00a0This is nearly the same temperature (109\u00b0 F)\u00a0that\u00a0by midnight of the 22 Jan 1896\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/84726026?zoomLevel=4\">Brewarrina got down to<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h3>\u00a0How widespread was the heat in 1896?<\/h3>\n<p>Please note: As well as the caveats mentioned above, the dates given below may be\u00a0inaccurate and the modern\u00a0Australian definition of a heatwave \u00a0may not have been met in all locations.<\/p>\n<p>A \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/newspaper\/page\/8047741\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">wave of heat<\/a>\u201d that was described at the time as \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/newspaper\/article\/81383717\">abnor<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/newspaper\/article\/81383717\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">m<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/newspaper\/article\/81383717\">al<\/a>\u201d and \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/newspaper\/article\/3076153\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">unbearable<\/a>\u201d, affected Perth, Western Australia, from 1-4 January, 1896.<\/p>\n<p>During the \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/newspaper\/article\/81383717\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">exceedingly long spell of hot weather<\/a>\u201d, there were at least seven reported \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/newspaper\/article\/81384729\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">deaths from sunstroke<\/a>\u201d, as well as the passing of\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/newspaper\/article\/3076153\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">four infants<\/a>\u00a0in a nearby town.<\/p>\n<p>Perth experienced\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/newspaper\/article\/3076153\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">severe water shortages to the extent that the town\u2019s supply had to be cut<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/newspaper\/article\/3076153\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">entire crops were destroyed<\/a>\u00a0by heat, eucalyptus trees \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/newspaper\/article\/3076153\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">suffered even more severely, being literally bleached white<\/a>\u201d, haystacks\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/newspaper\/article\/3076153\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u201cburst into flames\u201d<\/a>, \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/newspaper\/article\/3076153\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">raging<\/a>\u201d bushfires surrounded Perth for at least a week causing at least\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/newspaper\/article\/3076153\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">66 tonnes of stock feed to burn<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>The Zooniverse temperature observations transcribed by our volunteers reveal that this heatwave peaked at 112 \u00b0F (44.4 \u00b0C). This was reported in a long article in\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/newspaper\/article\/3076154\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><em>The West Australian<\/em>\u00a0newspaper<\/a>\u00a0from January 1896. Such long reports about the weather are rare in newspapers as paper and ink were limited resources at the time \u2013 so this must have been a remarkable heatwave.<\/p>\n<h4>This widespread:<\/h4>\n<div><a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/3076152\">Yalgoo<\/a>\u00a0W.A.\u00a0Dec\u00a0 25 1895 122\u00b0 or 127\u00b0 F \u201c<em>the Emerald Hotel, an iron structure<\/em>\u201d or at the Court House \u201d The latter structure is a \u201d\u00a0<em>wooden frame with duck covering<\/em>.\u201d;\u00a0\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/44153166?zoomLevel=5\">Marra station\u00a0N.S.W<\/a>. 130\u00a0F on\u00a0Jan 21.\u00a0The link shows a full months record.\u00a0<em>\u201cThe figures were the readings of three different glasses, which were hung in the front verandah at the Marra, station, and were placed out from the wall on a frame to allow the air to get round them, thereby preventing the heat from the wall affecting the instruments.\u201d<\/em>;\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/newspaper\/article\/161834309\/18992390\">Berlino\u00a0\u00a0<\/a>S.A. 130\u00b0 F\u00a0 Jan 22. The thermometer \u201c<em>hangs on a stone house with a thickly thatched verandah facing West<\/em>\u201d \u2026 \u201c<em>never reached by the sun<\/em>\u201c. From Jan 5 to Jan 13, Berlino recorded many temperatures of 118\u00b0 \u2013 130\u00b0 F;\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/87306794\/8446058?\">Kopperamanna Bore, via Hergott Springs<\/a>\u00a0S.A. \u201c<em>under date of\u00a0January 23 : \u2014 \u2018For the last month the heat\u00a0here has been excessive. The lowest the\u00a0glass has registered in the shade, a good canegrass shed, has been 108\u00b0. On three different days it showed 118\u00b0, and three times 116\u00b0, the average for the last month having been 113\u00b0<\/em>.\u201d;\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/34535629\">Cockburn\u00a0<\/a>S.A. 122\u00b0 F\u00a0 Jan 25 (but measured<em>\u00a0in<\/em>\u00a0the general store); Near Cobar at\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/72568288?zoomLevel=5\">Paddington station<\/a>\u00a0around the same \u201cdays it rose to 120deg. and 123deg., on a cool verandah, It\u00a0seems almost incredible, but one night we looked to see what it was at 11 o\u2019clock, and\u00a0it registered 106deg.\u201d.<\/div>\n<p>Plus<\/p>\n<div><a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/3076152\">Geraldton<\/a>\u00a0W.A. Wednesday, 1 Jan 1896 \u2013\u00a0114\u00b0 F \u201c<em>at Geraldton observatory<\/em>\u201c.<\/div>\n<div><a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/3076152\">Geraldton<\/a>\u00a0W.A.\u00a0Thursday, 2 Jan \u2013\u00a0115\u00b0 F \u201c<em>A child succumbs to the heat.<\/em>\u00a0\u201d at \u201d\u00a0<em>Northampton, where the thermometer ranged even higher than at Geraldton<\/em>.\u201d<\/div>\n<div><a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/44133239\">Geraldton<\/a>\u00a0W.A. Friday, 3 Jan \u2013\u00a0125\u00b0 F most papers,\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/3076171\">115<\/a>\u00b0 F in\u00a0some (possibly a date error as it matches the previous day).<\/div>\n<div><a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/44133239\">Perth<\/a>\u00a0W.A. 3 Jan \u2013\u00a0112\u00b0 F\u00a0<em>\u201d Five deaths have been reported in the city on account of<\/em><em>\u00a0the great heat.\u201d<\/em><\/div>\n<div><a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/3076152\">Mullewa\u00a0<\/a>W.A. 3 Jan \u2013\u00a0121\u00b0 F \u201c<em>The town has been enveloped in clouds of dust.\u201dand \u201ccrowds of people have bad to sleep out of doors. Water is very scarce<\/em>.\u201d<\/div>\n<div><a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/3076152\">Carnarvon<\/a>\u00a0W.A. 3 Jan \u2013\u00a0121\u00b0 F Brick House station \u201c<em>It is farther reported that the mercury has been up as high as 125 in the shade there<\/em>.\u201d<\/div>\n<div><a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/3076151\">Pinjarrah<\/a>\u00a0W.A.\u00a03 Jan \u2013\u00a0114\u00b0 F followed by a minimum of 97\u00b0 F.<\/div>\n<div><a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/3076152\">Southern Cross\u00a0<\/a>W.A. Week ending 5 Jan \u2013\u00a0\u201c<em>averaged 115deg<\/em>.\u201d \u201c<em>It has often been as high as 122deg<\/em>.\u201d Mr Mkay died in his office chair of heat apoplexy.<\/div>\n<div><a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/3076151\">Cue<\/a>\u00a0W.A.\u00a0Sunday, 5 Jan \u2013\u00a0\u201c<em>Three weeks of\u00a0uninterrupted excesive heat<\/em>\u201d\u00a0\u201c<em>each day exceeded 105<\/em>\u201d\u00a0\u201c<em>on two occasions reaching 118.<\/em>\u201c<\/div>\n<div><a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/87306619\">Wilcannia<\/a>\u00a0N.S.W. Monday, 6\u00a0Jan \u2013\u00a0117\u00b0 F \u201c<em>Wyalong follows close with 114\u00b0. Then come Nowra and Corowa with 112.\u201d<\/em><\/div>\n<div><a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/20443932\">Isisford<\/a>\u00a0Qld. 6 Jan \u2013\u00a0112\u00b0 F\u00a0\u201d\u00a0<em>The Government Astronomer states that the high temperature has been caused by a heat wave which has come across the continent from Port Darwin,<\/em>\u201c.<\/div>\n<div>\n<div><a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/14032475\">Bourke<\/a>\u00a0N.S.W. 6 Jan \u2013\u00a0\u201c<em>The fact is that out of 93 weather telegrams sent in, 64 gave temperatures ranging from 100\u00b0 at Cooma, Tabulam, Tenterfield, and a few other places, up to 118\u00b0 in the shade recorded at Brewarrina and at Bourke. There were 22 stations which reported temperatures ranging from 110\u00b0 to 118\u00b0 inclusive.<\/em>\u201c<\/div>\n<div><a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/14032239\">Canowindra<\/a>\u00a0N.S.W. 6 Jan \u2013\u00a0114\u00b0 F \u201c<em>Reaching the highest point on record<\/em>\u201c.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div><a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/53667265\">Farina\u00a0<\/a>S.A. 6 Jan \u2013\u00a0113.5\u00b0 F \u201c<em>the place occupied by the thermometer being a shadebox such as is used at the Adelaide Observatory.<\/em>\u201c<\/div>\n<div><a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/87306619\">Ungarie<\/a>\u00a0N.S.W 6 Jan \u2013\u00a0125\u00b0 F \u201c<em>rural districts do not always recognise the nice dis<\/em><em>tinctions between true shade and other shade<\/em>.\u201d<\/div>\n<div><a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/53667265\">Farina<\/a>\u00a0S.A. Thursday, 9 Jan \u2013\u00a0112.3\u00b0 F<\/div>\n<div><a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/71240813\">Quirindi<\/a>\u00a0N.S.W. Monday, 13\u00a0Jan \u2013\u00a0120\u00b0 F. Out of 54 temperatures shown on that list only one does not meet the 95\u00b0 F (35\u00b0 C) heatwave threshold.<\/div>\n<div><a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/14033182\/1366193?zoomLevel=4\">Bulli\u00a0<\/a>N.S.W. 13 Jan \u2013\u00a0115\u00b0 F \u201c<em>This has been, the hottest day known<\/em>\u201c.<\/div>\n<div><a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/44132383\">Kiama<\/a>\u00a0N.S.W. 13 Jan\u00a0\u2013\u00a0117\u00b0 F \u201d\u00a0<em>A Scorcher Everywhere.\u00a0<\/em><em>Death and Distress.<\/em>\u201c<\/div>\n<div><a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/85767152?zoomLevel=5\">Parramatta<\/a>\u00a0N.S.W. 13 Jan \u2013 111 \u00b0 F \u201c<em>Fruit Broiled on the Trees<\/em>.\u201d \u201c<em>Birds and Animals Drop Dead<\/em>.\u201d<\/div>\n<div><a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/76619532?zoomLevel=4\">Camden<\/a>\u00a0N.S.W.\u00a0 Tuesday, 14 Jan\u00a0\u2013 123\u00b0F\u00a0\u201c<em>Great Heat Wave<\/em>\u00a0\u201d \u201c<em>LIST OF CASUALTIES<\/em>.\u201d<\/div>\n<div><a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/14033587\">Araluen<\/a>\u00a0N.S.W.\u00a0Friday,\u00a017 Jan \u2013\u00a0110\u00b0 F \u201c<em>It was thought that the heat had passed, but it<\/em><em>\u00a0was back again to-day<\/em>\u201c<\/div>\n<div><a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/39625035?zoomLevel=5\">Brewarrina<\/a>\u00a0N.S.W 17 Jan \u2013\u00a0122\u00b0 F \u201c125 deaths attributable to heat\u00a0apoplexy\u201d (Sydney).<\/div>\n<div><a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/14033587\">West Wyalong\u00a0<\/a>\u00a0N.S.W\u00a017 Jan \u2013\u00a0114\u00b0 F \u201c<em>The thermometer at the post office<\/em>\u201c.<\/div>\n<div><a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/33121996\">Nannine<\/a>\u00a0W.A. Saturday, Jan 18 \u2013\u00a0\u201c<em>After about three weeks of most oppressive heat, with the thermometer frequently registering 120deg. in the shade, the weather has broken<\/em>.\u201d<\/div>\n<div><a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/53667265\">Farina<\/a>\u00a0S.A. Tuesday, Jan 21 \u2013\u00a0112.3\u00b0 F \u201c<em>Old residents say this is the hottest summer they have ever experienced<\/em>.\u201d<\/div>\n<div><a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/72374484#pstart6997916\">Broken Hill\u00a0<\/a>N.S.W. Wednesday, Jan 22 \u2013 113\u00bd\u00b0 F\u00a0\u201c<em>Two horses dropped dead in the street from<\/em><em>\u00a0the effects of the heat.<\/em>\u201c<\/div>\n<div><a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/53667265\">Farina<\/a>\u00a0S.A. 22 Jan \u2013\u00a0113\u00b0 F \u201c<em>The temperature of our police cell was 148\u00b0 several times<\/em>.\u201d<\/div>\n<div><a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/79762915\">Charleville<\/a>\u00a0 or\u00a0\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/3617574?\">Cunnamulla\u00a0<\/a>QLD. 22 Jan \u2013 120.5 \u00b0 F\u00a0(116 \u00b0F official ) \u201c<em>The average daily temperature from the 1st instant exceeded 114 degrees.<\/em>\u201d 25 days!!<\/div>\n<div><a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/53678952\">Olary<\/a>\u00a0S.A. Thursday, 23 Jan \u2013\u00a0116\u00b0 F \u201c<em>and dust flying in clouds during the<\/em><em>\u00a0afternoon<\/em>.\u201d<\/div>\n<div><a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/72374484\">Adelaide<\/a>\u00a0S.A. 23 Jan \u2013\u00a0111\u00b0 F\u00a0<em>\u201cHerbert Crown, an ostler at the Langham Hotel, fell down in King William-street this afternoon with sunstroke.\u201d<\/em><\/div>\n<div><a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/44178725\">Swan Hill\u00a0<\/a>Vic 23 Jan \u2013\u00a0116\u00b0 F\u00a0<em>\u201cTo-day, it is again exceedingly oppressive\u201d.<\/em><\/div>\n<div><a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/53667265\">Farina<\/a>\u00a0S.A. 23 Jan \u2013\u00a0114.3\u00b0 F \u201c<em>Five deaths have occurred in the town and one outside<\/em>\u201c.<\/div>\n<div><a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/14034430\">Mildura<\/a>\u00a0Vic 23 Jan \u2013\u00a0120\u00b0 F \u201c<em>PHENOMENAL HEAT IN VICTORIA.<\/em>\u201c<\/div>\n<div><a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/72374484#pstart6997916\">Broken Hill\u00a0<\/a>23 Jan \u2013\u00a0115\u00b0 F \u201c<em>Dr Enill took the temperature of the body an hour and a hall after death, and found that it was 109\u00be .\u201d<\/em><\/div>\n<div><a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/87303529\">Halbury<\/a>\u00a0S.A. 23 Jan \u2013 118\u00b0 F \u201c<em>Many children are unwell, and it will go hard with them unless a change soon, comes.\u201d.<\/em><\/div>\n<div><a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/44168314\">Rapanyup<\/a>\u00a0Vic\u00a023 Jan \u2013\u00a0113\u00b0 F \u201c<em>To-day it is again<\/em><em>\u00a0exceedingly oppressive<\/em>\u201c.<\/div>\n<div><a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/3078332\">Natimuk<\/a>\u00a0Vic 23 Jan \u2013\u00a0115\u00b0 F\u00a0\u201c<em>Telegrams from the country districts show that the heat was general throughout<\/em><em>\u00a0the colony.\u201d(<\/em>Victoria).<\/div>\n<div><a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/14034459\">Bega<\/a>\u00a0N.S.W.\u00a023 Jan \u2013\u00a0113\u00b0 F \u201c<em>The minimum heat during last night was 73 . To-day the heat was terrific In the true shade\u00a0<\/em><em>the reading was 113 at 2pm<\/em>\u201c.<\/div>\n<div><a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/53682518\">Geelong<\/a>\u00a0Vic\u00a023 Jan \u2013\u00a0110\u00b0 F \u201d\u00a0<em>Largely due to a burning north-west wind.<\/em>\u201c<\/div>\n<div><a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/34535930\">Hergott Springs<\/a>\u00a0S.A. 23 Jan \u201c<em>On three different days it showed 118\u00b0 and three times 116\u00b0, the average for the last month having been 113\u00b0F.<\/em>\u00a0\u201c<\/div>\n<div><a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/3078332\">Grenfell and\u00a0Ivanhoe<\/a>\u00a0N.S.W. 23 Jan\u00a0\u2013 122 \u00b0 F \u201c<em>At Ivanhoe the heat\u00a0was so intense that the mail horses fell dead on the road<\/em>.\u201d<\/div>\n<div><a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/79762915\">Charleville<\/a>\u00a0\/ Cunnamulla QLD. Friday, 24\u00a0Jan \u2013 126\/5\u00b0 F \u201c<em>The official readings at the Post Office are lower; but the instruments used are placed in a thickly-planted garden which has been heavily irrigated<\/em><em>\u00a0during the last week<\/em>,\u201d So at which town was this\u00a0garden and non stevenson screen recording? The clue is in the name \u201cGrosvenor\u201d\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.asletts.com\/node\/535\">here<\/a>.<\/div>\n<div><a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/7976291\">Cunnamulla\u00a0<\/a>QLD 24 Jan \u2013 \u201d\u00a0<em>The official record showed a reading on Tuesday of 111 degs. in the shade, on Wednesday 116 degs., and to-day 117 degs. On Wednesday at midnight, the high temperature of 99 degs. was recorded<\/em>.\u201d<\/div>\n<div><a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/7976291\">Isisford<\/a>\u00a0QLD 24 Jan \u2013 \u201c<em>The thermometer on Monday rose to 114 degs., on Tuesday to 112 degs., on \u201cWednesday 115 degs., and to-day 118 degs. The country is very bare and the water is giving out fast<\/em>.\u201d<\/div>\n<div><a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/39625389\">Wilcannia<\/a>\u00a0N.S.W 24 Jan\u00a0\u2013 123\u00b0 F \u201cnot a breath of wind was stirring during the night\u201d.<\/div>\n<div><a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/84823030\">Hillston<\/a>\u00a0N.S.W.\u00a024 Jan- 115\u00b0 F \u201c<em>Anything under 110 is now beginning to<\/em><em>\u00a0be looked upon as contemptibly cool<\/em>.\u201d<\/div>\n<div><a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/79762915\">Wilcannia<\/a>\u00a0N.S.W.\u00a0 Saturday, 25 Jan \u2013 120\u00b0 F \u201c<em>The thermometer fell 50deg. at Wilcannia, but a death from sunstroke occurred there<\/em><em>\u00a0yesterday<\/em>.\u201d<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><strong>It goes on, can readers check these ones?<\/strong><\/div>\n<div>125\u00b0F at Middle camp station\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/44136341\">Netely<\/a>\u00a0(Perhaps 160 kilometres south-east of Broken Hill).<\/div>\n<div>129\u00b0F at\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/14035621\">Gundabooka\u00a0<\/a>Station\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/52507539\/5078818?zoomLevel=5\">near<\/a>\u00a0Bourke.<a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/87724054\">\u00a0(or try here)<\/a>.<\/div>\n<div>125\u00b0F at\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/82147623?zoomLevel=6\">Nelyambo station\u00a0<\/a>(Near Nyngan?).<\/div>\n<div>121\u00b0F at\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/14034430\">Namagee<\/a>\u00a0N.S.W. \u201c<em>There is no appearance of a change<\/em>\u201c.<\/div>\n<div>125\u00b0F at\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/63929506\">White Cliffs<\/a>.<\/div>\n<div>124\u00b0F at\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/52506532\">New Angeldool<\/a>,\u00a0 Jan 27.<\/div>\n<div>124\u00b0F at\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/trove.nla.gov.au\/ndp\/del\/article\/44178693\">Mossgiel\u00a0<\/a>(Where is that?).<\/div>\n<div>\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014-<\/div>\n<div><strong><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\" wp-image-18976 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/coherence.com.au\/curlew\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Carbon-emissions-from-fossil-fuels.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"345\" height=\"231\" \/><\/strong>What caused the phenomenal heatwaves that hit the world in the late 1800s? It obviously wasn\u2019t our air-conditioners and SUV\u2019s, and carbon dioxide levels had barely risen over pre-industrial levels (the rise nearly all occurs after WWII).<\/div>\n<div>It makes a mockery of the proposition that emissions are the cause of global warming.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>https:\/\/coherence.com.au\/curlew\/2022\/08\/deadly-aust-heat-wave-of-1896\/?fbclid=IwY2xjawH21h1leHRuA2FlbQIxMAABHZbsZQtC267RO31FOZIceiH5x5ePTmz2Bak5rz-SH_V_dVY-SzWVWSiZHQ_aem_faymN1NaU_p_93SI8n1Alg DEADLY AUST HEAT WAVE OF 1896 From: Jonova posted by: Lance Pidgeon with assistance from Chris Gillham and others. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.realclimaterecords.com.au\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6496"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.realclimaterecords.com.au\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.realclimaterecords.com.au\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.realclimaterecords.com.au\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.realclimaterecords.com.au\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=6496"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.realclimaterecords.com.au\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6496\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6497,"href":"https:\/\/www.realclimaterecords.com.au\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6496\/revisions\/6497"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.realclimaterecords.com.au\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=6496"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.realclimaterecords.com.au\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=6496"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.realclimaterecords.com.au\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=6496"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}